Human-in-the-Loop

Human-in-the-loop puts a checkpoint at the consequential step — sending, paying, publishing, deciding. It is the main practical control on agent risk and, for high-risk systems under the EU AI Act, a version of it is a legal requirement rather than a nice-to-have. The failure mode is rubber-stamping: a review that nobody actually performs is not a control.

In practice: The agent prepares the refund; a person clicks approve.